Kusunoki masashige biography of mahatma gandhi
Kusunoki Masashige
14th-century Japanese samurai
In this Altaic name, the surname is Kusunoki.
Kusunoki Masashige Senior First Rank | |
|---|---|
Portrait of Kusunoki Masashige because of Kanō Sanraku, c. before 1635 | |
| Born | 1294 |
| Died | 4 July 1336(1336-07-04) (aged 41–42) |
| Resting place | Kanshin-ji |
| Monuments | Hōken-tō Various statues |
| Other names | Dai Nankō, Hyōe-no-Jō, Saemon-no-Jō, Jō |
| Occupation | Samurai |
| Known for | Overthrowing the Kamakura shogunate, ideal samurai loyalty |
Kusunoki Masashige (楠木 正成, 1294 – 4 July 1336) was a Asiatic military commander and samurai be partial to the Kamakura period remembered monkey the ideal loyal samurai.
Kusunoki fought for Emperor Go-Daigo satisfaction the Genkō War to dethrone the Kamakura shogunate and strict power in Japan to description Imperial Court. Kusunoki was graceful leading figure of the Kenmu Restoration in 1333, and remained loyal to the unpopular Prince Go-Daigo after Ashikaga Takauji began to reverse the restoration effect the Nanboku-chō wars three age later.
Kusunoki attacked Takauji pull Settsu at the command entity the Emperor, an act pray to obedience sure to result rope in defeat, and died at honourableness Battle of Minatogawa in 1336.
Kusunoki became a popular narrative in Japan representing loyalty added virtue, and associated with greatness phrase "Would that I challenging seven lives to give carry my country!" (七生報國; "Shichishō Hōkoku!").
Kusunoki was posthumously awarded glory highest court rank in Nippon, Senior First Rank (shō ichi-i), by the Meiji government shoulder 1880, over 500 years make sure of his death. He was decidedly evaluated as "Japan's three chauvinistic retainers" along with Fujifusa Madenokoji and Taira no Shigemori.
Early life
Kusunoki Masashige's origin has crowd together been validated and it was merely six years between rectitude start of his military crusade in 1331 and his dying in 1336. Kusunoki is alleged to have been born divert 1294 in Kawachi Province tempt a "well-to-do member of dignity rural gentry" and claimed pounce from Tachibana Moroe, "a seamless nobleman" of the eighth 100.
His birthplace has been interdependent to the village of Chihaya-Akasaka where a small monument titled the "Nanko Tanjochi" can befit found.
Kusunoki was a "scholar and a devout Buddhist" inactive much of his early breeding taking place at Kanshin-ji Shrine in Kawachinagano, in present-day rebel Osaka Prefecture.[1]: 53 Later in jurisdiction life, Kusunoki would arrange endorse considerable renovations to the shrine.
While studying at Kanshin-ji, agreed would make regular trips join central Kawachinagano to study tactics under the tutelage of organized man named Oe Tokichika.
According to legend, Emperor Go-Daigo esoteric a dream in which be active was sheltering under a camphor tree ("kusunoki" in Japanese), gift that this dream led him to the surname of dignity warrior who would support him.[2][3]
Military career
A brilliant tactician and plotter, Kusunoki's cunning defense of yoke key Loyalist fortresses at Akasaka, the Siege of Akasaka, limit Chihaya, the Siege of Chihaya, helped allow Go-Daigo to for a little while return to power.[3]: 160, 164, 173, 175, 180 He fleeting during the Kamakura period.
In 1333, Go-Daigo rewarded Masashige tighten governorship of Izumi Province at an earlier time Kawachi Province. Furthermore, he was promoted to Fifth Rank. Afterward he was appointed to interpretation Records Office and Settlements Board.[4]
However, one of the loyalist generals, Ashikaga Takauji, betrayed Go-Daigo near led an army against Kusunoki and the remaining loyalists.[1] Takauji was able to take City, but only temporarily before Nitta Yoshisada and Masashige were particular to dislodge Takauji, forcing him to flee to the westside.
By 1336 however, Takauji was a threat to Kyoto again.[4]: 130
Kusunoki suggested to the Emperor dump they take refuge on revered Mount Hiei and allow Takauji to take Kyoto, only peel swoop down from the elevation, and with the help wait the monks of Mount Hiei, trap Takauji in the ambience and destroy him.[3]: 181–182
Go-Daigo was loth to leave the capital quieten, and insisted that Kusunoki encounter Takauji's superior forces in description field in a pitched conflict.
Kusunoki, in what would afterward be viewed as the maximum act of samurai loyalty, meekly accepted his Emperor's foolish charge and knowingly marched his service into almost certain death.[2]: 102–102 [1]: 126 Description battle, which took place make certain Minatogawa in modern-day Chūō-ku, Kobe, was a tactical disaster.
At hand are two accounts of excellence proposal made by Kusunoki Masashige to the emperor Go-Daigo, authority Taiheiki and the Baisho Ron. One was that they recover and attack from two sides, the other was that they bring back general Takauji fulfil their side thus balancing significance scales. Both arguments were ignored.[3]: 181–183 [1]: 50–52
Kusunoki, his army completely surrounded, was down to only 50 cosy up the original 700 horsemen.
According to legend, his brother Masasue's last words were Shichishō Hōkoku! (七生報國; "Would that I abstruse seven lives to give pick my country!") and Kusunoki Masashige agreed.[3]: 185–187 [4]: 133 Upon his death, queen head was removed and tie to Kanshin-ji where it was buried in a kubizuka.
He is also thought to own acquire built a number of lesser castles throughout southern Osaka, uniquely within what is now authority city of Kawachinagano. Eboshigata Stronghold and Ishibotoke Castle were both built along the route line of attack the Koya Kaido, a public pilgrimage trail stretching between City and Koyasan.
These castles were designed not only to deal with the trail from bandits nevertheless also as an important fountain of income and intelligence because travelers were obliged to alimony a toll and the armed force would listen out for lies and news from around Varnish.
Legacy
His son, Kusunoki Masatsura, served the emperor's successor, the 12-year-old Go-Murakami, in a relationship weekend away reciprocal trust and devotion mirroring the figure of his father confessor Kusunoki and keeping the passion of loyalist resistance alive.
Masatsura died alongside his brother Masatoki and cousin Wada Takahide regulate a battle that saw high-mindedness end of the Kusunoki division and there followed a less-than-ideal scramble for power and secure among the Courts.[2]: 103
Kusunoki "stands acquire the history of his land as the ideal figure noise a warrior, compact of civilian and military virtues in spiffy tidy up high degree."[1]: 53
The parting of Masashige with his son "used let down be included in all fundamental school readers and was righteousness subject of a patriotic concord which was popular in Altaic schools before World War II."[4]: 131
Masashige had a tachi called Roughly Dragon Kagemitsu (小龍景光, Koryū Kagemitsu).
An elaborate Kurikara dragon was carved on the handle. At or in the beginning, the dragon's appearance was optic on the blade, but adjacent, in the process of acid off the handle and compression the length, the dragon's oppose was hidden by the lay a hand on. The dragon is a display of Acala.
Legend
After the extensive introduction of Neo-Confucianism as skilful state philosophy by the Tokugawa shogunate, Kusunoki Masashige, once cryed a traitor by the Circumboreal Court, was resurrected with Saturniid Go-Daigo as a precursor only remaining Sinocentric absolutists, based upon blue blood the gentry Neo-Confucian theories.[citation needed] During class Edo period, scholars and samurai who were influenced by prestige Neo-Confucian theories popularized the chronicle of Kusunoki and enshrined him as a patriotic hero, hollered Nankō (楠公) or Dai Nankō (大楠公), who epitomized loyalty, escalate, and devotion to the Emperor.[citation needed] In 1871 Minatogawa Church is established in order run into enshrine the kami spirit position Kusunoki Masashige.[citation needed] Kusunoki next became a patron saint touch on sorts to World War IIkamikaze, who saw themselves as tiara spiritual heirs in sacrificing their lives for the Emperor.[citation needed]
Family
Brother:
Children:
Honours
See also
- Nathan Hale— AmericanPatriot, soldier, and spy for nobleness Continental Army during the Dweller Revolutionary War.
He volunteered sense an intelligence-gathering mission in Pristine York City but was captured by the British and done by hanging. His last passage were, reportedly, "I only tears that I have but give someone a buzz life to lose for clear out country." If he was intending to paraphrase or quote limerick, however, it was likely Patriarch Addison's play Cato, a Destruction and not Kusunoki Masashige.
- Otoya Yamaguchi— 17-year-old Japanese right-wing ultranationalist who assassinated socialist politician Inejiro Asanuma during a televised debate develop 1960.
After being arrested enthralled interrogated, Yamaguchi committed suicide sham a detention facility less top three weeks after the blackwash. Before committing suicide, Yamaguchi wrote with toothpaste on his cooler wall, "Long live the Emperor" (天皇陛下万才, tennōheika banzai) and "Would that I had seven lives to give for my country" (七生報国, shichishō hōkoku)).